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MySQL 8.4 参考手册 / 11 语言结构 / 11.3 关键字和保留字
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11.3 关键字和保留字11.3 Keywords and Reserved Words

关键字是在 SQL 中具有重要意义的词。一些关键字，例如 SELECT、DELETE 或 BIGINT，是保留字，在用作表名或列名等标识符时需要特殊处理。对于内置函数的名称，这也可能适用。Keywords are words that have significance in SQL. Certain keywords, such as SELECT, DELETE, or BIGINT, are reserved and require special treatment for use as identifiers such as table and column names. This may also be true for the names of built-in functions.

大多数非保留关键字允许作为标识符使用，无需引用。某些原本被认为是非保留的关键字，在某些情况下被限制作为未引用的角色名、存储程序标签或两者兼用的标识符。请参见 MySQL 8.4 限制关键字，查看这些关键字的列表。Most nonreserved keywords are permitted as identifiers without quoting. Some keywords which are otherwise considered nonreserved are restricted from use as unquoted identifiers for roles, stored program labels, or, in some cases, both. See MySQL 8.4 Restricted Keywords, for listings of these keywords.

保留字如果按照 第 11.2 节，“模式对象名称” 中描述的方式引用，则允许作为标识符：Reserved words are permitted as identifiers if you quote them as described in Section 11.2, “Schema Object Names”:

mysql> CREATE TABLE interval (begin INT, end INT);
ERROR 1064 (42000): You have an error in your SQL syntax ...
near 'interval (begin INT, end INT)'

BEGIN 和 END 是关键字但非保留，因此用作标识符无需引用。INTERVAL 是保留关键字，必须引用后才能用作标识符：BEGIN and END are keywords but not reserved, so their use as identifiers does not require quoting. INTERVAL is a reserved keyword and must be quoted to be used as an identifier:

mysql> CREATE TABLE `interval` (begin INT, end INT);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

异常：限定名称中紧跟句点的单词必须是标识符，因此即使它是保留字，也不需要加引号：Exception: A word that follows a period in a qualified name must be an identifier, so it need not be quoted even if it is reserved:

mysql> CREATE TABLE mydb.interval (begin INT, end INT);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)

内置函数的名称可以作为标识符使用，但在使用时可能需要小心。例如，COUNT 可以作为列名使用。然而，默认情况下，函数调用中函数名与随后的 ( 字符之间不允许有空格。此要求使解析器能够区分名称是用于函数调用还是用于非函数上下文。有关函数名称识别的更多详细信息，请参见 第 11.2.5 节，“函数名称解析与识别”。Names of built-in functions are permitted as identifiers but may require care to be used as such. For example, COUNT is acceptable as a column name. However, by default, no whitespace is permitted in function invocations between the function name and the following ( character. This requirement enables the parser to distinguish whether the name is used in a function call or in nonfunction context. For further details on recognition of function names, see Section 11.2.5, “Function Name Parsing and Resolution”.

INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEYWORDS 表列出了 MySQL 认为的关键字，并指明它们是否被保留。请参阅 第 28.3.17 节，“INFORMATION_SCHEMA KEYWORDS 表”。The INFORMATION_SCHEMA.KEYWORDS table lists the words considered keywords by MySQL and indicates whether they are reserved. See Section 28.3.17, “The INFORMATION_SCHEMA KEYWORDS Table”.

MySQL 8.4 关键字和保留字MySQL 8.4 Keywords and Reserved Words

以下列表显示了 MySQL 8.4 中的关键字和保留字，以及各版本之间单个词的变化。保留关键字用 (R) 标记。此外，_FILENAME 也是保留的。The following list shows the keywords and reserved words in MySQL 8.4, along with changes to individual words from version to version. Reserved keywords are marked with (R). In addition, _FILENAME is reserved.

在某些情况下，您可能会升级到更高版本，因此了解未来的保留字也是个好主意。您可以在更高版本的 MySQL 手册中找到这些信息。列表中大多数保留字在标准 SQL 中作为列名或表名都是禁止的（例如，GROUP）。少数是因为 MySQL 需要它们并使用 yacc 解析器而被保留。At some point, you might upgrade to a higher version, so it is a good idea to have a look at future reserved words, too. You can find these in the manuals that cover higher versions of MySQL. Most of the reserved words in the list are forbidden by standard SQL as column or table names (for example, GROUP). A few are reserved because MySQL needs them and uses a yacc parser.

A |B |C |D |E |F |G |H |I |J |K |L |M |N |O |P |Q |R |S |T |U |V |W |X |Y |ZA | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z

A

  • ACCESSIBLE (R) 可访问的ACCESSIBLE (R)

  • ACCOUNT 账户ACCOUNT

  • ACTION 行动ACTION

  • ACTIVE 活跃的ACTIVE

  • ADD (R) 添加ADD (R)

  • ADMIN 管理员ADMIN

  • AFTER 之后AFTER

  • AGAINST 对抗AGAINST

  • AGGREGATE 聚合AGGREGATE

  • ALGORITHM 算法ALGORITHM

  • ALL (R) 全部ALL (R)

  • ALTER (R) 修改ALTER (R)

  • ALWAYS 总是ALWAYS

  • ANALYZE (R)

  • AND (R)

  • ANY

  • ARRAY

  • AS (R)

  • ASC (R)

  • ASCII

  • ASENSITIVE (R)

  • AT

  • ATTRIBUTE

  • AUTHENTICATION

  • AUTOAUTO

  • AUTOEXTEND_SIZE

  • AUTO_INCREMENT

  • AVG

  • AVG_ROW_LENGTH

B

  • BACKUPBACKUP

  • BEFORE (R)

  • BEGIN

  • BERNOULLI

  • BETWEEN (R)

  • BIGINT (R)

  • BINARY (R)

  • BINLOG

  • BIT

  • BLOB (R)

  • BLOCK

  • BOOLBOOL

  • BOOLEANBOOLEAN

  • BOTH (R)BOTH (R)

  • BTREEBTREE

  • BUCKETSBUCKETS

  • BULKBULK

  • BY (R)BY (R)

  • BYTEBYTE

C

  • CACHECACHE

  • CALL (R)CALL (R)

  • CASCADE (R)CASCADE (R)

  • CASCADEDCASCADED

  • CASE (R)CASE (R)

  • CATALOG_NAMECATALOG_NAME

  • CHAINCHAIN

  • CHALLENGE_RESPONSECHALLENGE_RESPONSE

  • CHANGE (R)CHANGE (R)

  • CHANGEDCHANGED

  • CHANNELCHANNEL

  • CHAR (R)CHAR (R)

  • CHARACTER (R)CHARACTER (R)

  • CHARSETCHARSET

  • CHECK (R)CHECK (R)

  • CHECKSUMCHECKSUM

  • CIPHERCIPHER

  • CLASS_ORIGINCLASS_ORIGIN

  • CLIENTCLIENT

  • CLONECLONE

  • CLOSECLOSE

  • COALESCECOALESCE

  • CODECODE

  • COLLATE (R)COLLATE (R)

  • COLLATIONCOLLATION

  • COLUMN (R)COLUMN (R)

  • COLUMNSCOLUMNS

  • COLUMN_FORMATCOLUMN_FORMAT

  • COLUMN_NAMECOLUMN_NAME

  • COMMENTCOMMENT

  • COMMITCOMMIT

  • COMMITTEDCOMMITTED

  • COMPACTCOMPACT

  • COMPLETIONCOMPLETION

  • COMPONENTCOMPONENT

  • COMPRESSEDCOMPRESSED

  • COMPRESSIONCOMPRESSION

  • CONCURRENTCONCURRENT

  • CONDITION (R)CONDITION (R)

  • CONNECTIONCONNECTION

  • CONSISTENTCONSISTENT

  • CONSTRAINT (R)CONSTRAINT (R)

  • CONSTRAINT_CATALOGCONSTRAINT_CATALOG

  • CONSTRAINT_NAMECONSTRAINT_NAME

  • CONSTRAINT_SCHEMACONSTRAINT_SCHEMA

  • CONTAINSCONTAINS

  • CONTEXTCONTEXT

  • CONTINUE (R)CONTINUE (R)

  • CONVERT (R)CONVERT (R)

  • CPUCPU

  • CREATE (R)CREATE (R)

  • CROSS (R)CROSS (R)

  • CUBE (R)CUBE (R)

  • CUME_DIST (R)CUME_DIST (R)

  • CURRENTCURRENT

  • CURRENT_DATE (R)CURRENT_DATE (R)

  • CURRENT_TIME (R)CURRENT_TIME (R)

  • CURRENT_TIMESTAMP (R)CURRENT_TIMESTAMP (R)

  • CURRENT_USER (R)CURRENT_USER (R)

  • CURSOR (R)CURSOR (R)

  • CURSOR_NAMECURSOR_NAME

D

  • DATADATA

  • DATABASE (R)DATABASE (R)

  • DATABASES (R)DATABASES (R)

  • DATAFILEDATAFILE

  • DATEDATE

  • DATETIMEDATETIME

  • DAYDAY

  • DAY_HOUR (R)DAY_HOUR (R)

  • DAY_MICROSECOND (R)DAY_MICROSECOND (R)

  • DAY_MINUTE (R)DAY_MINUTE (R)

  • DAY_SECOND (R)DAY_SECOND (R)

  • DEALLOCATEDEALLOCATE

  • DEC (R)DEC (R)

  • DECIMAL (R)DECIMAL (R)

  • DECLARE (R)DECLARE (R)

  • DEFAULT (R)DEFAULT (R)

  • DEFAULT_AUTHDEFAULT_AUTH

  • DEFINERDEFINER

  • DEFINITIONDEFINITION

  • DELAYED (R)DELAYED (R)

  • DELAY_KEY_WRITEDELAY_KEY_WRITE

  • DELETE (R)DELETE (R)

  • DENSE_RANK (R)DENSE_RANK (R)

  • DESC (R)DESC (R)

  • DESCRIBE (R)DESCRIBE (R)

  • DESCRIPTIONDESCRIPTION

  • DETERMINISTIC (R)DETERMINISTIC (R)

  • DIAGNOSTICSDIAGNOSTICS

  • DIRECTORYDIRECTORY

  • DISABLEDISABLE

  • DISCARDDISCARD

  • DISKDISK

  • DISTINCT (R)DISTINCT (R)

  • DISTINCTROW (R)DISTINCTROW (R)

  • DIV (R)DIV (R)

  • DODO

  • DOUBLE (R)DOUBLE (R)

  • DROP (R)DROP (R)

  • DUAL (R)DUAL (R)

  • DUMPFILEDUMPFILE

  • DUPLICATEDUPLICATE

  • DYNAMICDYNAMIC

E

  • EACH (R)EACH (R)

  • ELSE (R)ELSE (R)

  • ELSEIF (R)ELSEIF (R)

  • EMPTY (R)EMPTY (R)

  • ENABLEENABLE

  • ENCLOSED (R)ENCLOSED (R)

  • ENCRYPTIONENCRYPTION

  • ENDEND

  • ENDSENDS

  • ENFORCEDENFORCED

  • ENGINEENGINE

  • ENGINESENGINES

  • ENGINE_ATTRIBUTEENGINE_ATTRIBUTE

  • ENUMENUM

  • ERRORERROR

  • ERRORSERRORS

  • ESCAPEESCAPE

  • ESCAPED (R)ESCAPED (R)

  • EVENTEVENT

  • EVENTSEVENTS

  • EVERYEVERY

  • EXCEPT (R)EXCEPT (R)

  • EXCHANGEEXCHANGE

  • EXCLUDEEXCLUDE

  • EXECUTEEXECUTE

  • EXISTS (R)EXISTS (R)

  • EXIT (R)EXIT (R)

  • EXPANSIONEXPANSION

  • EXPIREEXPIRE

  • EXPLAIN (R)EXPLAIN (R)

  • EXPORTEXPORT

  • EXTENDEDEXTENDED

  • EXTENT_SIZEEXTENT_SIZE

F

  • FACTORFACTOR

  • FAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTSFAILED_LOGIN_ATTEMPTS

  • FALSE (R)FALSE (R)

  • FASTFAST

  • FAULTSFAULTS

  • FETCH (R)FETCH (R)

  • FIELDSFIELDS

  • FILEFILE

  • FILE_BLOCK_SIZEFILE_BLOCK_SIZE

  • FILTERFILTER

  • FINISHFINISH

  • FIRSTFIRST

  • FIRST_VALUE (R)FIRST_VALUE (R)

  • FIXEDFIXED

  • FLOAT (R)FLOAT (R)

  • FLOAT4 (R)FLOAT4 (R)

  • FLOAT8 (R)FLOAT8 (R)

  • FLUSHFLUSH

  • FOLLOWINGFOLLOWING

  • FOLLOWSFOLLOWS

  • FOR (R)FOR (R)

  • FORCE (R)FORCE (R)

  • FOREIGN (R)FOREIGN (R)

  • FORMATFORMAT

  • FOUNDFOUND

  • FROM (R)FROM (R)

  • FULLFULL

  • FULLTEXT (R)FULLTEXT (R)

  • FUNCTION (R)FUNCTION (R)

G

  • GENERALGENERAL

  • GENERATEGENERATE

  • GENERATED (R)GENERATED (R)

  • GEOMCOLLECTIONGEOMCOLLECTION

  • GEOMETRYGEOMETRY

  • GEOMETRYCOLLECTIONGEOMETRYCOLLECTION

  • GET (R)GET (R)

  • GET_FORMATGET_FORMAT

  • GET_SOURCE_PUBLIC_KEYGET_SOURCE_PUBLIC_KEY

  • GLOBALGLOBAL

  • GRANT (R)GRANT (R)

  • GRANTSGRANTS

  • GROUP (R)GROUP (R)

  • GROUPING (R)GROUPING (R)

  • GROUPS (R)GROUPS (R)

  • GROUP_REPLICATIONGROUP_REPLICATION

  • GTIDS

  • GTID_ONLYGTID_ONLY

H

  • HANDLERHANDLER

  • HASHHASH

  • HAVING (R)HAVING (R)

  • HELPHELP

  • HIGH_PRIORITY (R)HIGH_PRIORITY (R)

  • HISTOGRAMHISTOGRAM

  • HISTORYHISTORY

  • HOSTHOST

  • HOSTSHOSTS

  • HOURHOUR

  • HOUR_MICROSECOND (R)HOUR_MICROSECOND (R)

  • HOUR_MINUTE (R)HOUR_MINUTE (R)

  • HOUR_SECOND (R)HOUR_SECOND (R)

I

  • IDENTIFIEDIDENTIFIED

  • IF (R)IF (R)

  • IGNORE (R)IGNORE (R)

  • IGNORE_SERVER_IDSIGNORE_SERVER_IDS

  • IMPORTIMPORT

  • IN (R)IN (R)

  • INACTIVEINACTIVE

  • INDEX (R)INDEX (R)

  • INDEXESINDEXES

  • INFILE (R)INFILE (R)

  • INITIALINITIAL

  • INITIAL_SIZEINITIAL_SIZE

  • INITIATEINITIATE

  • INNER (R)INNER (R)

  • INOUT (R)INOUT (R)

  • INSENSITIVE (R)INSENSITIVE (R)

  • INSERT (R)INSERT (R)

  • INSERT_METHODINSERT_METHOD

  • INSTALLINSTALL

  • INSTANCEINSTANCE

  • INT (R)INT (R)

  • INT1 (R)INT1 (R)

  • INT2 (R)INT2 (R)

  • INT3 (R)INT3 (R)

  • INT4 (R)INT4 (R)

  • INT8 (R)INT8 (R)

  • INTEGER (R)INTEGER (R)

  • INTERSECT (R)INTERSECT (R)

  • INTERVAL (R)INTERVAL (R)

  • INTO (R)INTO (R)

  • INVISIBLEINVISIBLE

  • INVOKERINVOKER

  • IO

  • IO_AFTER_GTIDS (只读)IO_AFTER_GTIDS (R)

  • IO_BEFORE_GTIDS (只读)IO_BEFORE_GTIDS (R)

  • IO_THREAD

  • IPC

  • IS (只读)IS (R)

  • ISOLATION

  • ISSUER

  • ITERATE (只读)ITERATE (R)

J

  • JOIN (只读)JOIN (R)

  • JSON

  • JSON_TABLE (只读)JSON_TABLE (R)

  • JSON_VALUE

K

  • KEY（只读）KEY (R)

  • KEYRING

  • KEYS（只读）KEYS (R)

  • KEY_BLOCK_SIZE

  • KILL（只读）KILL (R)

L

  • LAG（只读）LAG (R)

  • LANGUAGE

  • LASTLAST

  • LAST_VALUE（只读）LAST_VALUE (R)

  • LATERAL (R)LATERAL (R)

  • LEAD (R)LEAD (R)

  • LEADING (R)LEADING (R)

  • LEAVE (R)LEAVE (R)

  • LEAVESLEAVES

  • LEFT (R)LEFT (R)

  • LESSLESS

  • LEVELLEVEL

  • LIKE (R)LIKE (R)

  • LIMIT (R)LIMIT (R)

  • LINEAR (R)LINEAR (R)

  • LINES (R)LINES (R)

  • LINESTRING

  • LISTLIST

  • LOAD (R)LOAD (R)

  • LOCALLOCAL

  • LOCALTIME (R)LOCALTIME (R)

  • LOCALTIMESTAMP (R)LOCALTIMESTAMP (R)

  • LOCK (R)LOCK (R)

  • LOCKEDLOCKED

  • LOCKSLOCKS

  • LOGLOG

  • LOGFILELOGFILE

  • LOGSLOGS

  • LONG (R)LONG (R)

  • LONGBLOB (R)LONGBLOB (R)

  • LONGTEXT（只读）LONGTEXT (R)

  • LOOP（只读）LOOP (R)

  • LOW_PRIORITY（只读）LOW_PRIORITY (R)

M

  • MANUAL（只读）MANUAL (R)

  • MASTER

  • MATCH（只读）MATCH (R)

  • MAXVALUE（只读）MAXVALUE (R)

  • MAX_CONNECTIONS_PER_HOUR

  • MAX_QUERIES_PER_HOURMAX_QUERIES_PER_HOUR

  • MAX_ROWSMAX_ROWS

  • MAX_SIZEMAX_SIZE

  • MAX_UPDATES_PER_HOURMAX_UPDATES_PER_HOUR

  • MAX_USER_CONNECTIONSMAX_USER_CONNECTIONS

  • MEDIUMMEDIUM

  • MEDIUMBLOB (R)MEDIUMBLOB (R)

  • MEDIUMINT (R)MEDIUMINT (R)

  • MEDIUMTEXT (R)MEDIUMTEXT (R)

  • MEMBERMEMBER

  • MEMORYMEMORY

  • MERGEMERGE

  • MESSAGE_TEXTMESSAGE_TEXT

  • MICROSECONDMICROSECOND

  • MIDDLEINT (R)MIDDLEINT (R)

  • MIGRATEMIGRATE

  • MINUTEMINUTE

  • MINUTE_MICROSECOND (R)MINUTE_MICROSECOND (R)

  • MINUTE_SECOND (R)MINUTE_SECOND (R)

  • MIN_ROWSMIN_ROWS

  • MOD (R)MOD (R)

  • MODEMODE

  • MODIFIES (R)MODIFIES (R)

  • MODIFYMODIFY

  • MONTHMONTH

  • MULTILINESTRINGMULTILINESTRING

  • MULTIPOINTMULTIPOINT

  • MULTIPOLYGONMULTIPOLYGON

  • MUTEXMUTEX

  • MYSQL_ERRNOMYSQL_ERRNO

字母 NN

  • NAMENAME

  • NAMESNAMES

  • NATIONALNATIONAL

  • NATURAL (R)NATURAL (R)

  • NCHAR

  • NDB

  • NDBCLUSTER

  • NESTEDNESTED

  • NETWORK_NAMESPACENETWORK_NAMESPACE

  • NEVERNEVER

  • NEWNEW

  • NEXTNEXT

  • NONO

  • NODEGROUPNODEGROUP

  • NONENONE

  • NOT (R)NOT (R)

  • NOWAITNOWAIT

  • NO_WAITNO_WAIT

  • NO_WRITE_TO_BINLOG (R)NO_WRITE_TO_BINLOG (R)

  • NTH_VALUE (R)

  • NTILE (R)

  • NULL (R)

  • NULLS

  • NUMBER

  • NUMERIC (R)

  • NVARCHAR

O

  • OF (R)

  • OFFOFF

  • OFFSET

  • OJ

  • OLDOLD

  • ON (R)ON (R)

  • ONEONE

  • ONLYONLY

  • OPENOPEN

  • OPTIMIZE (R)OPTIMIZE (R)

  • OPTIMIZER_COSTS (R)OPTIMIZER_COSTS (R)

  • OPTION (R)OPTION (R)

  • OPTIONALOPTIONAL

  • OPTIONALLY (R)OPTIONALLY (R)

  • OPTIONSOPTIONS

  • OR (R)OR (R)

  • ORDER (R)ORDER (R)

  • ORDINALITYORDINALITY

  • ORGANIZATIONORGANIZATION

  • OTHERSOTHERS

  • OUT (R)OUT (R)

  • OUTER (R)OUTER (R)

  • OUTFILE (R)OUTFILE (R)

  • OVER (R)OVER (R)

  • OWNEROWNER

P

  • PACK_KEYSPACK_KEYS

  • PAGEPAGE

  • PARALLEL (R)PARALLEL (R)

  • PARSERPARSER

  • PARSE_TREEPARSE_TREE

  • PARTIALPARTIAL

  • PARTITION (R)PARTITION (R)

  • PARTITIONINGPARTITIONING

  • PARTITIONSPARTITIONS

  • PASSWORDPASSWORD

  • PASSWORD_LOCK_TIMEPASSWORD_LOCK_TIME

  • PATHPATH

  • PERCENT_RANK (R)PERCENT_RANK (R)

  • PERSISTPERSIST

  • PERSIST_ONLYPERSIST_ONLY

  • PHASEPHASE

  • PLUGINPLUGIN

  • PLUGINSPLUGINS

  • PLUGIN_DIRPLUGIN_DIR

  • POINTPOINT

  • POLYGONPOLYGON

  • PORTPORT

  • PRECEDESPRECEDES

  • PRECEDINGPRECEDING

  • PRECISION (R)PRECISION (R)

  • PREPAREPREPARE

  • PRESERVEPRESERVE

  • PREVPREV

  • PRIMARY (R)PRIMARY (R)

  • PRIVILEGESPRIVILEGES

  • PRIVILEGE_CHECKS_USERPRIVILEGE_CHECKS_USER

  • PROCEDURE (R)PROCEDURE (R)

  • PROCESSPROCESS

  • PROCESSLISTPROCESSLIST

  • PROFILEPROFILE

  • PROFILESPROFILES

  • PROXYPROXY

  • PURGE (R)PURGE (R)

Q

  • QUALIFY (R)QUALIFY (R)

  • QUARTERQUARTER

  • QUERYQUERY

  • QUICKQUICK

R

  • RANDOMRANDOM

  • RANGE (R)RANGE (R)

  • RANK (R)RANK (R)

  • READ (R)READ (R)

  • READS (R)READS (R)

  • READ_ONLYREAD_ONLY

  • READ_WRITE (R)READ_WRITE (R)

  • REAL (R)REAL (R)

  • REBUILDREBUILD

  • RECOVERRECOVER

  • RECURSIVE (R)RECURSIVE (R)

  • REDO_BUFFER_SIZEREDO_BUFFER_SIZE

  • REDUNDANTREDUNDANT

  • REFERENCEREFERENCE

  • REFERENCES (R)REFERENCES (R)

  • REGEXP (R)REGEXP (R)

  • REGISTRATIONREGISTRATION

  • RELAYRELAY

  • RELAYLOGRELAYLOG

  • RELAY_LOG_FILE

  • RELAY_LOG_POS

  • RELAY_THREAD

  • RELEASE (释放)RELEASE (R)

  • RELOAD (重新加载)RELOAD

  • REMOVE (移除)REMOVE

  • RENAME (重命名)RENAME (R)

  • REORGANIZE (重组)REORGANIZE

  • REPAIR (修复)REPAIR

  • REPEAT (重复)REPEAT (R)

  • REPEATABLE (可重复)REPEATABLE

  • REPLACE (替换)REPLACE (R)

  • REPLICA (副本)REPLICA

  • REPLICAS (副本们)REPLICAS

  • REPLICATE_DO_DB - 复制要做的数据库REPLICATE_DO_DB

  • REPLICATE_DO_TABLE - 复制要做的表REPLICATE_DO_TABLE

  • REPLICATE_IGNORE_DB - 复制忽略的数据库REPLICATE_IGNORE_DB

  • REPLICATE_IGNORE_TABLE - 复制忽略的表REPLICATE_IGNORE_TABLE

  • REPLICATE_REWRITE_DB - 复制重写数据库REPLICATE_REWRITE_DB

  • REPLICATE_WILD_DO_TABLE - 复制通配符要做的表REPLICATE_WILD_DO_TABLE

  • REPLICATE_WILD_IGNORE_TABLE - 复制通配符忽略的表REPLICATE_WILD_IGNORE_TABLE

  • REPLICATION - 复制REPLICATION

  • REQUIRE (R) - 需要 (R)REQUIRE (R)

  • REQUIRE_ROW_FORMAT - 需要行格式REQUIRE_ROW_FORMAT

  • RESET - 重置RESET

  • RESIGNAL (R) - 再信号 (R)RESIGNAL (R)

  • RESOURCE - 资源RESOURCE

  • RESPECT - 尊重RESPECT

  • RESTARTRESTART

  • RESTORERESTORE

  • RESTRICT (R)RESTRICT (R)

  • RESUMERESUME

  • RETAINRETAIN

  • RETURN (R)RETURN (R)

  • RETURNED_SQLSTATERETURNED_SQLSTATE

  • RETURNINGRETURNING

  • RETURNSRETURNS

  • REUSEREUSE

  • REVERSEREVERSE

  • REVOKE (R)REVOKE (R)

  • RIGHT (R)RIGHT (R)

  • RLIKE (R)

  • ROLEROLE

  • ROLLBACKROLLBACK

  • ROLLUPROLLUP

  • ROTATEROTATE

  • ROUTINEROUTINE

  • ROW (R)ROW (R)

  • ROWS (R)ROWS (R)

  • ROW_COUNTROW_COUNT

  • ROW_FORMATROW_FORMAT

  • ROW_NUMBER (R)ROW_NUMBER (R)

  • RTREE

S

  • S3

  • SAVEPOINTSAVEPOINT

  • SCHEDULESCHEDULE

  • SCHEMA (R)SCHEMA (R)

  • SCHEMAS (R)SCHEMAS (R)

  • SCHEMA_NAMESCHEMA_NAME

  • SECONDSECOND

  • SECONDARYSECONDARY

  • SECONDARY_ENGINESECONDARY_ENGINE

  • SECONDARY_ENGINE_ATTRIBUTESECONDARY_ENGINE_ATTRIBUTE

  • SECONDARY_LOADSECONDARY_LOAD

  • SECONDARY_UNLOADSECONDARY_UNLOAD

  • SECOND_MICROSECOND (R)SECOND_MICROSECOND (R)

  • SECURITYSECURITY

  • SELECT (R)SELECT (R)

  • SENSITIVE (R)SENSITIVE (R)

  • SEPARATOR (R)SEPARATOR (R)

  • SERIALSERIAL

  • SERIALIZABLESERIALIZABLE

  • SERVERSERVER

  • SESSIONSESSION

  • SET (R)SET (R)

  • SHARESHARE

  • SHOW (R)SHOW (R)

  • SHUTDOWNSHUTDOWN

  • SIGNAL (R)SIGNAL (R)

  • SIGNEDSIGNED

  • SIMPLESIMPLE

  • SKIPSKIP

  • SLAVESLAVE

  • SLOWSLOW

  • SMALLINT (R)SMALLINT (R)

  • SNAPSHOTSNAPSHOT

  • SOCKETSOCKET

  • SOMESOME

  • SONAME

  • SOUNDSSOUNDS

  • SOURCESOURCE

  • SOURCE_AUTO_POSITIONSOURCE_AUTO_POSITION

  • SOURCE_BINDSOURCE_BIND

  • SOURCE_COMPRESSION_ALGORITHMSSOURCE_COMPRESSION_ALGORITHMS

  • SOURCE_CONNECT_RETRYSOURCE_CONNECT_RETRY

  • SOURCE_DELAYSOURCE_DELAY

  • SOURCE_HEARTBEAT_PERIODSOURCE_HEARTBEAT_PERIOD

  • SOURCE_HOSTSOURCE_HOST

  • SOURCE_LOG_FILESOURCE_LOG_FILE

  • SOURCE_LOG_POSSOURCE_LOG_POS

  • SOURCE_PASSWORDSOURCE_PASSWORD

  • SOURCE_PORTSOURCE_PORT

  • SOURCE_PUBLIC_KEY_PATHSOURCE_PUBLIC_KEY_PATH

  • SOURCE_RETRY_COUNTSOURCE_RETRY_COUNT

  • SOURCE_SSLSOURCE_SSL

  • SOURCE_SSL_CASOURCE_SSL_CA

  • SOURCE_SSL_CAPATHSOURCE_SSL_CAPATH

  • SOURCE_SSL_CERTSOURCE_SSL_CERT

  • SOURCE_SSL_CIPHERSOURCE_SSL_CIPHER

  • SOURCE_SSL_CRLSOURCE_SSL_CRL

  • SOURCE_SSL_CRLPATHSOURCE_SSL_CRLPATH

  • SOURCE_SSL_KEYSOURCE_SSL_KEY

  • SOURCE_SSL_VERIFY_SERVER_CERTSOURCE_SSL_VERIFY_SERVER_CERT

  • SOURCE_TLS_CIPHERSUITESSOURCE_TLS_CIPHERSUITES

  • SOURCE_TLS_VERSIONSOURCE_TLS_VERSION

  • SOURCE_USERSOURCE_USER

  • SOURCE_ZSTD_COMPRESSION_LEVELSOURCE_ZSTD_COMPRESSION_LEVEL

  • SPATIAL (R)SPATIAL (R)

  • SPECIFIC (R)SPECIFIC (R)

  • SQL (R)

  • SQLEXCEPTION (R)SQLEXCEPTION (R)

  • SQLSTATE (R)SQLSTATE (R)

  • SQLWARNING (R)SQLWARNING (R)

  • SQL_AFTER_GTIDSSQL_AFTER_GTIDS

  • SQL_AFTER_MTS_GAPSSQL_AFTER_MTS_GAPS

  • SQL_BEFORE_GTIDS

  • SQL_BIG_RESULT (R)

  • SQL_BUFFER_RESULT

  • SQL_CALC_FOUND_ROWS (R)

  • SQL_NO_CACHE

  • SQL_SMALL_RESULT (R)

  • SQL_THREAD

  • SQL_TSI_DAY

  • SQL_TSI_HOUR

  • SQL_TSI_MINUTE

  • SQL_TSI_MONTH

  • SQL_TSI_QUARTER

  • SQL_TSI_SECOND

  • SQL_TSI_WEEK

  • SQL_TSI_YEAR

  • SRID

  • SSL (R)

  • STACKEDSTACKED

  • STARTSTART

  • STARTING（R）STARTING (R)

  • STARTSSTARTS

  • STATS_AUTO_RECALC

  • STATS_PERSISTENT

  • STATS_SAMPLE_PAGES

  • STATUSSTATUS

  • STOPSTOP

  • STORAGESTORAGE

  • STORED（R）STORED (R)

  • STRAIGHT_JOIN (R)

  • STREAMSTREAM

  • STRINGSTRING

  • SUBCLASS_ORIGINSUBCLASS_ORIGIN

  • SUBJECTSUBJECT

  • SUBPARTITIONSUBPARTITION

  • SUBPARTITIONSSUBPARTITIONS

  • SUPERSUPER

  • SUSPENDSUSPEND

  • SWAPSSWAPS

  • SWITCHESSWITCHES

  • SYSTEM (R)SYSTEM (R)

T

  • TABLE (R)TABLE (R)

  • TABLESTABLES

  • TABLESAMPLE (R)TABLESAMPLE (R)

  • TABLESPACETABLESPACE

  • TABLE_CHECKSUMTABLE_CHECKSUM

  • TABLE_NAMETABLE_NAME

  • TEMPORARYTEMPORARY

  • TEMPTABLETEMPTABLE

  • TERMINATED (R)TERMINATED (R)

  • TEXTTEXT

  • THANTHAN

  • THEN (R)THEN (R)

  • THREAD_PRIORITYTHREAD_PRIORITY

  • TIESTIES

  • TIMETIME

  • TIMESTAMPTIMESTAMP

  • TIMESTAMPADDTIMESTAMPADD

  • TIMESTAMPDIFFTIMESTAMPDIFF

  • TINYBLOB (只读)TINYBLOB (R)

  • TINYINT (只读)TINYINT (R)

  • TINYTEXT (只读)TINYTEXT (R)

  • TLS

  • TO (只读)TO (R)

  • TRAILING (只读)TRAILING (R)

  • TRANSACTIONTRANSACTION

  • TRIGGER (只读)TRIGGER (R)

  • TRIGGERSTRIGGERS

  • TRUE (只读)TRUE (R)

  • TRUNCATETRUNCATE

  • TYPETYPE

  • TYPESTYPES

U

  • UNBOUNDEDUNBOUNDED

  • UNCOMMITTEDUNCOMMITTED

  • UNDEFINEDUNDEFINED

  • UNDO (R)UNDO (R)

  • UNDOFILEUNDOFILE

  • UNDO_BUFFER_SIZEUNDO_BUFFER_SIZE

  • UNICODE

  • UNINSTALLUNINSTALL

  • UNION (R)UNION (R)

  • UNIQUE (R)UNIQUE (R)

  • UNKNOWNUNKNOWN

  • UNLOCK (R)UNLOCK (R)

  • UNREGISTERUNREGISTER

  • UNSIGNED (R)UNSIGNED (R)

  • UNTILUNTIL

  • UPDATE (R)UPDATE (R)

  • UPGRADEUPGRADE

  • URLURL

  • USAGE (R)USAGE (R)

  • USE (R)USE (R)

  • USERUSER

  • USER_RESOURCESUSER_RESOURCES

  • USE_FRMUSE_FRM

  • USING (R)USING (R)

  • UTC_DATE (R)UTC_DATE (R)

  • UTC_TIME (只读)UTC_TIME (R)

  • UTC_TIMESTAMP (只读)UTC_TIMESTAMP (R)

V

  • VALIDATION

  • VALUE

  • VALUES (只读)VALUES (R)

  • VARBINARY (只读)VARBINARY (R)

  • VARCHAR (只读)VARCHAR (R)

  • VARCHARACTER (只读)VARCHARACTER (R)

  • VARIABLES

  • VARYING (只读)VARYING (R)

  • VCPU

  • VIEWVIEW

  • VIRTUAL (R)VIRTUAL (R)

  • VISIBLEVISIBLE

W

  • WAITWAIT

  • WARNINGSWARNINGS

  • WEEKWEEK

  • WEIGHT_STRINGWEIGHT_STRING

  • WHEN (R)WHEN (R)

  • WHERE (R)WHERE (R)

  • WHILE (R)WHILE (R)

  • WINDOW (R)WINDOW (R)

  • WITH (R)WITH (R)

  • WITHOUTWITHOUT

  • WORKWORK

  • WRAPPERWRAPPER

  • WRITE（保留）WRITE (R)

X

  • X509

  • XA

  • XID

  • XML

  • XOR（保留）XOR (R)

Y

  • YEARYEAR

  • YEAR_MONTH（保留）YEAR_MONTH (R)

Z

  • ZEROFILL（保留）ZEROFILL (R)

  • ZONEZONE

MySQL 8.4 新增关键字和保留字MySQL 8.4 New Keywords and Reserved Words

以下列表显示了与 MySQL 8.0 相比在 MySQL 8.4 中新增的关键字和保留字。保留关键字标记为 (R)。The following list shows the keywords and reserved words that are added in MySQL 8.4, compared to MySQL 8.0. Reserved keywords are marked with (R).

A | B | G | L | M | P | Q | S | T

A

  • AUTOAUTO

B

  • BERNOULLI

G

  • GTIDS

L

  • LOGLOG

M

  • MANUAL（只读）MANUAL (R)

P

  • PARALLEL (R)PARALLEL (R)

  • PARSE_TREEPARSE_TREE

Q

  • QUALIFY (R)QUALIFY (R)

S

  • S3

T

  • TABLESAMPLE (R)TABLESAMPLE (R)

MySQL 8.4 已删除的关键字和保留字MySQL 8.4 Removed Keywords and Reserved Words

下列列表显示了与 MySQL 8.0 相比，在 MySQL 8.4 中被移除的关键字和保留字。保留关键字标记为 (R)。The following list shows the keywords and reserved words that are removed in MySQL 8.4, compared to MySQL 8.0. Reserved keywords are marked with (R).

G | M

G

  • GET_MASTER_PUBLIC_KEYGET_MASTER_PUBLIC_KEY

M

  • MASTER_AUTO_POSITIONMASTER_AUTO_POSITION

  • MASTER_BIND (R)MASTER_BIND (R)

  • MASTER_COMPRESSION_ALGORITHMSMASTER_COMPRESSION_ALGORITHMS

  • MASTER_CONNECT_RETRYMASTER_CONNECT_RETRY

  • MASTER_DELAYMASTER_DELAY

  • MASTER_HEARTBEAT_PERIODMASTER_HEARTBEAT_PERIOD

  • MASTER_HOSTMASTER_HOST

  • MASTER_LOG_FILEMASTER_LOG_FILE

  • MASTER_LOG_POSMASTER_LOG_POS

  • MASTER_PASSWORDMASTER_PASSWORD

  • MASTER_PORT

  • MASTER_PUBLIC_KEY_PATH

  • MASTER_RETRY_COUNT

  • MASTER_SSL

  • MASTER_SSL_CA

  • MASTER_SSL_CAPATH

  • MASTER_SSL_CERT

  • MASTER_SSL_CIPHER

  • MASTER_SSL_CRL

  • MASTER_SSL_CRLPATH

  • MASTER_SSL_KEY

  • MASTER_SSL_VERIFY_SERVER_CERT（只读）MASTER_SSL_VERIFY_SERVER_CERT (R)

  • MASTER_TLS_CIPHERSUITES

  • MASTER_TLS_VERSION

  • MASTER_USER

  • MASTER_ZSTD_COMPRESSION_LEVEL

MySQL 8.4 受限关键字MySQL 8.4 Restricted Keywords

一些 MySQL 关键字不是保留字，但即使如此，在某些情况下也必须加引号。本节提供了这些关键字的列表。Some MySQL keywords are not reserved but even so must be quoted in certain circumstances. This section provides listings of these keywords.

用作标签时必须加引号的关键字Keywords which must be quoted when used as labels

在 MySQL 存储程序中作为标签使用时，列出的关键字必须加引号：The keywords listed here must be quoted when used as labels in MySQL stored programs:

A | B | C | D | E | F | H | I | L | N | P | R | S | T | U | X

A

  • ASCII

B

  • BEGIN

  • BYTEBYTE

C

  • CACHECACHE

  • CHARSETCHARSET

  • CHECKSUMCHECKSUM

  • CLONECLONE

  • COMMENTCOMMENT

  • COMMITCOMMIT

  • CONTAINSCONTAINS

D

  • DEALLOCATEDEALLOCATE

  • DODO

E

  • ENDEND

F

  • FLUSHFLUSH

  • FOLLOWSFOLLOWS

H

  • HANDLERHANDLER

  • HELPHELP

I

  • IMPORTIMPORT

  • INSTALLINSTALL

L

  • LANGUAGE

N

  • NONO

P

  • PRECEDESPRECEDES

  • PREPAREPREPARE

R

  • REPAIR (修复)REPAIR

  • RESET - 重置RESET

  • ROLLBACKROLLBACK

S

  • SAVEPOINTSAVEPOINT

  • SIGNEDSIGNED

  • SLAVESLAVE

  • STARTSTART

  • STOPSTOP

T

  • TRUNCATETRUNCATE

U

  • UNICODE

  • UNINSTALLUNINSTALL

X

  • XA

用作角色名称时必须加引号的关键词Keywords which must be quoted when used as role names

此处列出的关键词在用作角色名称时必须加引号：The keywords listed here must be quoted when used as names of roles:

  • EVENTEVENT

  • FILEFILE

  • NONENONE

  • PROCESSPROCESS

  • PROXYPROXY

  • RELOAD (重新加载)RELOAD

  • REPLICATION - 复制REPLICATION

  • RESOURCE - 资源RESOURCE

  • SUPERSUPER

当用作标签或角色名称时必须加引号的关键字Keywords which must be quoted when used as labels or role names

在存储程序中作为标签使用或作为角色名称时，此处列出的关键字必须加引号：The keywords listed here must be quoted when used as labels in stored programs, or as names of roles:

  • EXECUTEEXECUTE

  • RESTARTRESTART

  • SHUTDOWNSHUTDOWN

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