MySQL :: MySQL 8.4 参考手册 :: 12.14.3 向 8 位字符集添加简单排序规则

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MySQL 8.4 参考手册 / 12 种字符集、排序规则、Unicode / 12.14 向字符集中添加排序规则 / 12.14.3 向 8 位字符集添加简单排序规则

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12.14.3 为 8 位字符集添加简单排序规则12.14.3 Adding a Simple Collation to an 8-Bit Character Set

本节介绍如何通过在 MySQL Index.xml 文件中为 <charset> 字符集描述编写 <collation> 元素来为 8 位字符集添加简单排序规则。此处描述的过程无需重新编译 MySQL。示例为 latin1 字符集添加名为 latin1_test_ci 的排序规则。This section describes how to add a simple collation for an 8-bit character set by writing the <collation> elements associated with a <charset> character set description in the MySQL Index.xml file. The procedure described here does not require recompiling MySQL. The example adds a collation named latin1_test_ci to the latin1 character set.

选择一个排序规则 ID，如第 12.14.2 节，“选择排序规则 ID” 所示。以下步骤使用 ID 1024。Choose a collation ID, as shown in Section 12.14.2, “Choosing a Collation ID”. The following steps use an ID of 1024.
修改Index.xml和latin1.xml配置文件。这些文件位于由character_sets_dir系统变量指定的目录中。您可以按如下方式检查该变量的值，不过路径名在您的系统上可能不同：Modify the Index.xml and latin1.xml configuration files. These files are located in the directory named by the character_sets_dir system variable. You can check the variable value as follows, although the path name might be different on your system:
```
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE 'character_sets_dir';
+--------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| Variable_name      | Value                                   |
+--------------------+-----------------------------------------+
| character_sets_dir | /user/local/mysql/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------+-----------------------------------------+
```
为排序规则选择一个名称，并将其列在Index.xml文件中。找到要添加排序规则的字符集的<charset>元素，然后添加一个<collation>元素，该元素指明排序规则名称和 ID，以将名称与 ID 关联。例如：Choose a name for the collation and list it in the Index.xml file. Find the <charset> element for the character set to which the collation is being added, and add a <collation> element that indicates the collation name and ID, to associate the name with the ID. For example:
```
<charset name="latin1">
  ...
  <collation name="latin1_test_ci" id="1024"/>
  ...
</charset>
```

在 latin1.xml 配置文件中，添加一个 <collation> 元素，该元素命名排序规则，并包含一个 <map> 元素，该元素为字符代码 0 到 255 定义字符代码到权重的映射表。<map> 元素中的每个值必须是十六进制格式的数字。In the latin1.xml configuration file, add a <collation> element that names the collation and that contains a <map> element that defines a character code-to-weight mapping table for character codes 0 to 255. Each value within the <map> element must be a number in hexadecimal format.

<collation name="latin1_test_ci">
<map>
 00 01 02 03 04 05 06 07 08 09 0A 0B 0C 0D 0E 0F
 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 1A 1B 1C 1D 1E 1F
 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 2A 2B 2C 2D 2E 2F
 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 3A 3B 3C 3D 3E 3F
 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 4A 4B 4C 4D 4E 4F
 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 5A 5B 5C 5D 5E 5F
 60 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 4A 4B 4C 4D 4E 4F
 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 5A 7B 7C 7D 7E 7F
 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 8A 8B 8C 8D 8E 8F
 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 9A 9B 9C 9D 9E 9F
 A0 A1 A2 A3 A4 A5 A6 A7 A8 A9 AA AB AC AD AE AF
 B0 B1 B2 B3 B4 B5 B6 B7 B8 B9 BA BB BC BD BE BF
 41 41 41 41 5B 5D 5B 43 45 45 45 45 49 49 49 49
 44 4E 4F 4F 4F 4F 5C D7 5C 55 55 55 59 59 DE DF
 41 41 41 41 5B 5D 5B 43 45 45 45 45 49 49 49 49
 44 4E 4F 4F 4F 4F 5C F7 5C 55 55 55 59 59 DE FF
</map>
</collation>

重启服务器，并使用此语句来验证排序规则是否存在：Restart the server and use this statement to verify that the collation is present:

mysql> SHOW COLLATION WHERE Collation = 'latin1_test_ci';
+----------------+---------+------+---------+----------+---------+
| Collation      | Charset | Id   | Default | Compiled | Sortlen |
+----------------+---------+------+---------+----------+---------+
| latin1_test_ci | latin1  | 1024 |         |          |       1 |
+----------------+---------+------+---------+----------+---------+

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